Watlington is a market town as well as civil parish about 7 miles (11 kilometres) south of Thame in Oxfordshire, near the region's eastern edge as well as less than 2 miles (3 kilometres) from its boundary with Buckinghamshire. The church includes the hamlets of Xmas Common, Greenfield and Howe Hillside, all of which are in the Chiltern Hills. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 2,727. The Watlington area is most likely to have actually been cleared up at a very early day, motivated by the proximity of the Icknield Way. The toponym means "settlement of Waecel's people" as well as suggests profession from around the 6th century. A 9th-century charter by Æthelred of Mercia records eight 'manses' or significant residences in Watlington. The Domesday Book of 1086 identified the area as an agricultural community valued at £ 610. Medieval papers suggest that the modern road plan was in presence in the 14th century, as Cochynes-lane (Couching Street), and also Brook Street are recorded. There are documents of inns in Watlington since the 15th century. In 1722 the town's market was detailed as being hung on a Saturday. By the end of the 18th century the town had 6 inns, every one of which were bought up in the following couple of years by a regional brewing family members, the Haywards. The variety of accredited facilities increased till late in the 19th century when George Wilkinson, a Methodist acquired 6 of them and shut them down. Today Watlington has three hostelries: the Carriers Arms, The Chequers and also The Fat Fox Inn. Parliamentarian soldiers were billeted at Watlington during the English Civil War. It is assumed that John Hampden remained in the town the evening prior to the Battle of Chalgrove Field. In 1664-- 65 the City center was developed at the cost of Thomas Stonor. Its top space was endowed by Stonor as a grade school for kids, and also in 1731 Dame Alice Tipping of Ewelme gave an additional endowment to raise the number of students. In 1842 the town Vestry developed a National School, which shared the same spaces in the City center. In 1843 a National College for women was constructed next to St Leonard's church. In 1872 the young boys' and also girls' schools were absorbed into a new Board institution, which like its predecessors was affiliated to the National Society for Promoting Religious Education. In 1927 the college was split right into different junior and elderly institutions. In 1956 a new secondary school-- the Icknield College-- opened for elderly pupils and the primary school took control of the old facilities. The Icknield School is now Icknield Community College. By 1895 the City center, no longer used as an institution, was in disrepair. In 1907 it was brought back by public membership. It is a site at the meeting point of 3 roads in the centre of the community. Since 1990 Watlington has actually been twinned with the community of Mansle in the Poitou-Charentes area of France. The Watlington Hoard, a collection of silver items going back to the moment of Alfred the Great in the 9th century, was uncovered in Watlington by James Mather, an amateur metal-detectorist, in 2015. The heap was consequently excavated, as well as at some point bought by the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford for £ 1.35 m.