Swanscombe
Swanscombe is a town in the Borough of Dartford in Kent, England. It lies east of Dartford and north-west of Gravesend, in the civil parish of Swanscombe and Greenhithe. At the 2001 UK census, the Swanscombe electoral ward had a population of 6,418. Swanscombe was very important in the early history of concrete. The first cement manufacturing functions near Swanscombe were opened at Northfleet by James Parker, around 1792, making "Roman cement" from cement rock brought from the Isle of Sheppey. James Frost opened up a works at Swanscombe in 1825, utilizing chalk from Galley Hill, having patented a new concrete called British Cement. The Swanscombe plant was consequently obtained by John Bazley White & Co, which came to be the largest element of Blue Circle Industries when it created in 1900. It ultimately closed down in 1990. In between 1840 as well as 1930 it was the largest cement plant in Britain. By 1882 a number of cement producers were running across the north Kent area, but the resulting dirt pollution drove the people of Swanscombe to take lawsuit against the regional concrete jobs. Regardless of numerous technical advancements, the problem persisted right into the 1950s, with telegraph lines over an inch thick in white dust. Modern concrete kilns in Kent making use of chimneys 170 m (550 feet) in height are now said to be the cleanest on the planet. However, the adjoining Medway communities are reported to be the most contaminated lived in location in the UK, and also the concrete market contributes to acid rain in Scandinavia.