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LNB or Low Noise Block simply refers to the feature present at the end of a satellite dish which is attached to the coaxial cables feeding the satellite receiver. There are varying types of LNB which all works in their own special way, however a general function they all provide is to serve as the satellite broadcast signal amplifier and oscillate the signal to a lower frequency band which can be contained by the coaxial cable without too much loss of the cable and the greater the frequency the better the cable resistance and the quicker you’ll lose signal as a result of the cable strength. It should, however, be noted that most LNBs (and not all), oscillate the signal down to the satellite intermediate frequency band ranging from 950Mhz to 2150Mhz.

With the availability of a wide range of LNB types, makes and models, picking the right one for your satellite is crucial as the wrong one may imply your satellite will not work. The most common LNB types are single LNBs and Quad LNBs. The major difference between all types is the amount of output possessed by each LNB. This is what allows extra satellite receivers to be added for additional TV points as well as the inclusion of satellite PVRs which features recordable, play, pause and rewind TV services. For example, a single LNB possesses just one LNB connection for a coaxial cable to be attached. This allows you to connect a standard satellite receiver such as Freesat box or Sky. There are also dual or twin LNB, quad LNB and octo LNB which allows for two (or one satellite PVR), four (two PVRs or one PVR and two standard satellite receivers) and eight separate satellite receivers (four PVRs or combination of both) respectively. There are many other LNB types you can choose from with varying features, so it all depends on your requirements.

Many examples of asbestos will not need removing, for example if it is present in artex that is in good condition. However, if you are carrying out building work on or near the asbestos it should be carefully removed before the building work starts to make sure it is not accidentally disturbed.

Are you looking to replace your old window for a new double glazed window and wondering what it’s going to be the cost? Well, the double glazed windows market is a very competitive one in the UK with varying prices across the country. Therefore, if you shop around you’re most likely to find something that’ll fit your budget both products and quality wise.

As you would have expected, the more windows you required the more money you are going to spend. However, the cost per window is likely going to be lower depending on the number of windows you purchase. Several double glazed windows come with a 10 year warranty but it’s advisable to also obtain a solid workmanship warranty which provides coverage for any potential problems for a good period of time upon installation.

To determine the cost of double glazed windows, there are so many things to put into consideration that just the primary dimensions of the window itself. Other factors that works to decrease or increase the cost of the project includes the frames’ quality as well as the material used. For example hardwood can be quite high priced when compared to uPVC.

The number of opening windows within the frame can also play a huge role in the cost of the windows as well as the type of the glass. The cost of a double glazing window usually ranges between £100 to £3,200 per window, depending on the available options.

To have a more accurate estimate of the cost of a double glazing window, you’ll need a obtain a survey from a double glazing installer who can take into account any possible complications that may arise when installing your windows while also giving an advise on the most suitable window style for your property.

How Does A Septic Tank Work?

A septic tank system is an alternative to the mains sewage system whereby the wastewater is treated underground and is able to last for many generations. They’re mostly found in rural setting where there’s a lack of centralized sewer systems due to the difficulty in installing and managing them. These type of systems make use of the perfect blend of natural resources and advanced technology to treat wastewater produced from household plumbing. These includes the kitchen drain, bathroom, laundry room and more which all runs to the septic tank. When it gets to the septic tank, the organic matter will be digested and floatable matter alongside the solids are separated.

In this article, we’re going to give you a better understanding of how a modern septic tank works. Let’s take a look!

✓ All water stemming from your household goes straight into the main drainage pipe that lead directly to the septic tank.

✓ Meanwhile, the septic tank, which is usually underground and happens to be a water tight container, retains the waste water for a period long enough to enable the solid materials sit at bottom and start to dissolve. In the process, both oil and grease will float to the top as a layer of scum.

✓ Any wastewater that’s liquid will then leaves through the drainfield out of the septic tank.

✓ The drainfield, on the other hand, is a shallow excavation that’s made of unsaturated soil. The treated water is transported via the piping onto a porous surface which enable the filtration of the wastewater into the surrounding soil. The soil, in turn, treats and disperses the wastewater.

✓ Finally, the wastewater percolates into the soil for the removal of harmful bacteria alongside other contaminants.

How Much Does A Handyman Charge Per Hour?

Do you need the professional services of a handyman? If yes, then you’d probably like to know the hourly rate a handyman charges in order to set a budget and make the necessary plans. Here, we’ll discuss the amount charged by handymen per hour and reason for the differences.

The fact is, there’s no accurate or single answer for all handymen as the project varies and the handyman mostly charges based on the type of work to be done. However, there are also other handyman pricing strategies which includes project pricing. When you’re being charged based on the tasks involved, you should ensure to ask the handyman for possible discount as several handymen will offer a considerable discount for bulk projects or tasks that can be completed on after the other. If the task is a small, one-off job then you’re likely to pay a minimum charge fee which would usually be higher when compared to the task being part of a larger project. Consequently, the first one hour of a handyman’s service will usually attract a premium, while the charges for remaining hours after the first will be a smaller charge. This is mainly due to the fact that a handyman will need to travel to deliver a service and it’s generally going to be a lot more economical to arrive on the site and take on a couple of tasks sequentially.

Moving forward, you should be aware that there’s an economy in sticking to one handyman. Handymen usually charge less to repay clients for their loyalty as they’d already have an idea of the client’s projects and needs which makes the job a lot easier. However, generally a handyman will charge within the range of £20 to £30 per hour.

If you’re not an expert floor installer who would take wall tile installation as merely being a vertical floor, you are advised to be very cautious when tackling the project. The installation of wall tiles follow some set of rules which you’d better not break if you really wish to protect your investment. And worst of all, a wall tile done wrong is a lifetime penalty of having to look at it. So how can you get it right? Well, probably by reaching out to a wall tile installation professional for a good quality solution that’ll save you time, money and effort. However, we’ve put together this guide to help give you an insight of how it works and also to help you avoid some unnecessary expenses. Let’s have a look!

• Hang a batten board

✓ Start your rows of tiles or bottom-most course with a batten board which works to prevent spillage of tiles.

✓ Position the batten board at 3/4 of the tiles’ height. Ensure not to start at the floor.

• Form A Pyramid Shape With The Tiles

✓ If you’ve reached the bottom row of tile, then arrange the tile in a pyramid shape. To achieve this, you’d have to install the tiles one through four as instructed. Each following row will be draped over the pyramid.

• Examine The Floor For Level & Walls For Plumb

✓ If your floor level or plumb is off by a maximum of a half-inch over the course of 8 feet, add extra baseboards and trim to cover up the problem.

• The Least Size Of Tiles To Be Used Is Half-Wide

✓ Ensure that no “silvers (tiles that are lower than half the width of the tile in question) are incorporated in the project.

• Have a step tread width of 900mm – if you don’t want them that wide, they should be no less than 760mm
• Add a central step riser to stairs wider than 900mm to prevent them buckling
• Add a step depth (the vertical distance between each step) of between 150 and 180mm if building your own riser, so the steps are at a comfortable depth

• Step treads (the actual step themselves)
• Step risers
• Coach screws
• Deck screws
• Saw
• Drill

1. Make sure the ground where you want to put your steps is level and firm. If it’s not, consider laying concrete or paving slabs to provide a secure surface for your steps to sit so they don’t sink.
2. Grab some joist off-cuts and cut them to the same width as your step treads. Attach them to the step risers at the top and bottom using countersunk coach screws.
3. Place the steps against the sub-frame of the deck; if you’ve put slabs down for support, make sure the steps sit in the middle of them. The longest edge of the stair riser should be on the slabs, and the short edge against the deck. Drill pilot holes through the step and sub-frame joist, then screw the step to the sub-frame with more coach screws.
4. After drilling pilot holes, screw the treads into the risers at each end with deck screws.
5. If you don’t want gaps between each stair, you can add joist off-cuts or deck boards. Measure the height and depth of the gap, then screw the off-cut or board into the step riser with two screws at each end.

If you’ve converted a non-residential barn into a home, you might be able to reclaim some of the VAT that you’ve paid for your project. This includes money spent on:

• Construction materials

• Flooring

• Light fittings

• Kitchen units and worktops

• Electrical, heating and plumbing materials

To reclaim your VAT from HMRC, make sure you request and keep all of your invoices. You’ll also need proof of planning permission and evidence of completion. You should then submit your claim with all relevant paperwork within three months of receiving your completion certificate. You’re only allowed to submit one claim, so you’ll need to make sure you get it right first time.