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Banff
Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a former royal burgh, and is the county town of the historical region of Banffshire. Banff's initial castle was developed to ward off Viking invaders and a charter of 1163 AD reveals that Malcolm IV was living there at that time. Throughout this duration the community was a hectic trading centre in the "free hanse" of Northern Scottish burghs, regardless of not having its very own harbour till 1775. The very first documented Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, and also in 1372 Royal Burgh standing was conferred by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was one of three major communities exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, together with Aberdeen and Montrose. There was a good deal of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and also some of the worst transgressors were participants of the nobility. According to records maintained by chronicler William Cramond, the tolbooth (court house and jail) of Banff was, in 1628, the website of a run-in between Lord Banff and James Ogilvie, his loved one. Apparently, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his good friends and also followers then attacked Ogilvie with swords before chasing him right into the street and finishing him off with a gun shot. Banff as well as Macduff are separated by the valley of the River Deveron. This unpredictable river was finally tamed by the seven curved bridge finished in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had actually been built in 1765, yet was swept away in 1768. The old ferryboat was restored right into use, till it was lost in a flooding in 1773. A public meeting was held in 1800 and also passed a resolution for the structure of a turnpike roadway in between Turiff and Banff as the existing roadway was in a sad state of repair. Later on 19th century transportation renovations consisted of the structure of 2 railway lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 and the Banff, Portsoy and also Strathisla Train in 1859 which connected to the main Aberdeen to Inverness line. During the 19th Century the Banff Fishery District (comprising the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was essential to the herring trade, with manufacturing peaking in 1853 at greater than sixty-thousand barrels, of which virtually thirty-four thousand were exported, nevertheless by 1912 production had decreased to just over eight thousand barrels. Currently, the languages spoken in the town as well as in its area tend to be the Doric dialect of Scots, as well as English.